{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://moracollection.iccrom.org/iiif/manifest/en/40967","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":"Lascaux: MRA-FRA-Las004","rendering":{"@id":"https://moracollection.iccrom.org/oggetti/40967-lascaux-mra-fra-las-004","format":"text/html","label":"Full record view"},"metadata":[{"label":"Sample ID","value":"MRA-FRA-Las004"},{"label":"Site/monument","value":["France (FRA)","Lascaux"]},{"label":"Historical note about the site/monument","value":"<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:10.0pt\"><span calibri=\"\" light=\"\" style=\"font-family:\">The Lascaux cave is a Paleolithic site of the utmost archaeological and art historical interest, housing some of the best-preserved and most extensive collections of prehistoric painting. Many of the artworks on the cave walls are figural, and executed with surprising vigor and deftness. Among the animals faithfully depicted are horses, deer, bison, aurochs, and ibex. They are painted with a combination of local mineral pigments, and pigments whose only known sources are situated at several hundred kilometers&rsquo; distance. The cave walls are likewise inscribed with numerous carvings. The site was discovered accidentally in 1940 by four boys whose dog had fallen down a foxhole. After returning to investigate with lamps, the children reported their findings to a teacher, and excavations were quickly undertaken. The cave was opened to the public in the late 1940s, with catastrophic results; considerable biodegradation quickly ensued. At present, access to the original paintings is restricted to limit damage to the artworks. Visitors are instead invited to view precise replicas at Lascaux II, which opened in 1983. </span></span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:10.0pt\"><span calibri=\"\" light=\"\" style=\"font-family:\">Sources:</span></span></u></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><a href=\"https://www.ancient.eu/Lascaux_Cave/\" style=\"color:blue; text-decoration:underline\">https://www.ancient.eu/Lascaux_Cave/</a></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><a href=\"https://archeologie.culture.fr/lascaux/en\" style=\"color:blue; text-decoration:underline\">https://archeologie.culture.fr/lascaux/en</a></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:10.0pt\"><span calibri=\"\" light=\"\" style=\"font-family:\">Further reading: </span></span></u></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm 0cm 6pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:10.0pt\"><span style=\"background:white\"><span calibri=\"\" light=\"\" style=\"font-family:\"><span style=\"color:#222222\">Bastian, F., Jurado, V., Nov&aacute;kov&aacute;, A., Alabouvette, C., &amp; S&aacute;iz-Jim&eacute;nez, C. (2010). The microbiology of Lascaux cave.&nbsp;<i>Microbiology</i>,&nbsp;<i>156</i>(3), 644-652.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 6pt; text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:10.0pt\"><span style=\"background:white\"><span calibri=\"\" light=\"\" style=\"font-family:\"><span style=\"color:#222222\">Bastian, F., &amp; Alabouvette, C. (2009). Lights and shadows on the conservation of a rock art cave: the case of Lascaux Cave.&nbsp;<i>International Journal of Speleology</i>,&nbsp;<i>38</i>(1), 55-60.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 6pt; text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:10.0pt\"><span style=\"background:white\"><span calibri=\"\" light=\"\" style=\"font-family:\"><span style=\"color:#222222\">Chalmin, E., Menu, M., &amp; Vignaud, C. (2003). Analysis of rock art painting and technology of Palaeolithic painters.&nbsp;<i>Measurement Science and Technology</i>,&nbsp;<i>14</i>(9), 1590.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>\r\n"},{"label":"Old Mora ID","value":"1121"},{"label":"State of Conservation of the other materials/Notes","value":"Good  (sample can be handled)\r\n"},{"label":"Sample Material Type","value":"Mineral"},{"label":"Sample Sub-type","value":"fragment"},{"label":"Storage Location","value":"ICCROM Laboratory, Room L13, C3, D24 "},{"label":"Sample taken by","value":"Gael de Ghichen"},{"label":"Sampling Location","value":"Lascaux cave"},{"label":"Related samples","value":"MRA-FRA-Lasc001 to MRA-FRA-Lasc005"},{"label":"Other materials/notes (Material description)","value":"Flakes of calcite deposited on a polyester film (a film that was placed in the cave to protect its walls)."}],"sequences":[{"@id":"https://moracollection.iccrom.org/iiif/manifest/en/40967/sequence/normal","@type":"sc:Sequence","label":"Current Page 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